What is the planet that stays closest to Earth the longest? Surely the first ones that come to mind are Mars or, if you are a fan of astronomy, maybe Venus, but... Would you believe me if I told you that it is neither?
Although Venus and Mars have orbits that bring them very close to Earth at specific times, when we look at the orbits of all the planets in the solar system, we notice that one planet, although very small, seems to come closer to Earth than any other.
That planet is nothing more and nothing less than... Mercury?
Yes, as you heard, neither Mars nor Venus. The closest planet to Earth is Mercury.
In fact, the strangest thing is that Mercury is not only the closest planet to Earth, but also the closest planet to... Neptune. How is that possible?
But if Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and Neptune the farthest, how both planets are, at the same time, the closest to each other?
Although Venus can come closer to Earth at its nearest approach, Mercury’s orbit keeps it relatively near Earth more consistently over time. When scientists calculated the average distance over long periods, they found Mercury spends more time nearer to Earth than any other planet does.
Why Mercury wins:
Mercury orbits the Sun quickly and stays relatively close to the inner solar system.
Venus and Mars sometimes get very close to Earth, but they also spend long periods far away.
Averaged over time, Mercury ends up being Earth’s “closest neighbor” most often.